“8Muri icyo gihugu harimo abungeri bararaga ku gikumba, bahindana kurinda umukumbi wabo. 9Nuko marayika w’Umwami Imana abahagarara iruhande, ubwiza bw’Umwami burabagirana bubagota impande zose bagira ubwoba bwinshi. 10Maraika arababwira ati ‘Mwitinya, dore ndababwira ubutumwa bwiza bw’umunezero mwinshi uzaba kubantu bose, 11kuko uyu munsi Umukiza abavukiye mumurwa wa Dawidi, uzaba Kristo Umwami.'”
Kuki abanditsi b’ubutumwa bwiza Matayo na Luka badahuza neza mu nkuru y’ivuka ry’Umukiza?
Mukwandika inkuru nziza ya Yesu Kristo, Matayo yayivuze mu nshamacye, yagiye asimbuka ibintu bimwe na bimwe bijyanye na ririya vuka bivugwa muri Luka 1:26 kugeza 2:40. Kuba Matayo yaribanze kukwerekana nka Mesiya uvugwa mubuhanuzi bwo mu Isezerano rya Kera, yahise yibanda gusa kukwerekana ko Yesu yasohoje buriya buhanuzi. Mu rundi ruhande, Luka, we wandikiye ahanini abanyamahanga (abatari Abayuda), yibanze kukwerekana ko Yesu, umwana w’Imana, yakuze kandi akabaho nk’umuntu ndetse abana n’abantu kugirango abashe kuba Umukiza w’abantu bose.
Ese Umukiza yavutse ryari?
Mu mateka umwaka wagiye ukunda kugarukwaho w’ivuka rya Kristo ni hagati y’umwaka wa 4 cyangwa uwa 5 mbere ya Kristo (ni ukuvuga mbere yuko batangira kubara umwaka wa mbere). Ndetse hari n’amateka avuga ko Yesu yaba yaravutse mu mwaka wa 6, uwa 8, cyangwa se mbere yaho. Ariko amateka menshi ahuriza ku mwaka wa 4. Ibi bikaba bivuze ko ubwo batangiraga kubara iyi myaka irenga 2000 turimo Yesu yari amaze imyaka 4 avutse. Bivuze kandi ko Yesu yavutse isi imaze imyaka irenga 4000 ibayeho. Ku bijyanye n’umunsi nyawo yaba yaravukiyeho, ntabwo uzwi. Ibi bivuze ko iriya tariki ya 25 Ukuboza ikunze kwizihizwa nk’itariki y’ivuka rye itari iy’ukuri. Imwe mu mpamvu igaragaza ko iriya tariki itari iy’ukuri ni uko Luka 2:8 hatubwira ko muri kiriya gihe “Muri icyo gihugu harimo abungeri bararaga kugikumba, bahindana kurinda umukumbi wabo,” babonekewe na marayika akabamenyesha inkuru y’ivuka ry’Umukiza.
Bariya bantu baciye bugufi ariko bari bariyeguriye Imana bamaze amasaha atuje y’ijoro baganira kuri Mesiya wasezeranywe kandi basengera kuza kwe. Bari mu mubare muto w’abakiranutsi bari bategereje Ihumure ry’Abisiraheli kandi bari bategereje gucungurwa kw’i Yerusalemu. Abantu nka bariya ni bo ijuru rimenyesha umucyo n’ukuri. Abantu bagira inzara n’inyota byo gukiranuka ni bo binyine bakwiriye gutegereza kuzahazwa. Abashakisha umucyo n’ukuri nibo bonyine bazakubona. Ntabwo ikitabwaho ari icyiciro cyo hasi cy’imibereho twaba tubarizwamo, icy’ingenzi ni uko dutegereza cyane “Ibyiringiro by’umugisha.” Abakuru ba Isiraheli kuko batari bashikamye mu byiringiro, baciweho maze basimbuzwa itsinda ry’abungeri bari mu rwego rwo hasi ariko bakiranukaga. Ndetse n’igihe abatambyi n’abigisha b’i Yesrusalemu bumvaga iriya nkuru yo gusurwa n’abamarayika kw’abungeri banze kuyemera. Bitandukanye na bariya bungeri, ntabwo bigeze bigora ngo barajya i Betelehemu kugenzura ko inkuru ari impamo koko maze barayisuzugura.
Mu muco wakurikizwaga kiriya gihe, abungeri babaga kugasozi murwuri haba kumanywa na nijoro. Ibi rero bikaba bigaragaza ko igihe Yesu yavutsemo cyari nyuma y’imvura y’ukwezi kwa Mata, kandi akaba ari na mbere y’imvura yo mu kwezi kw’Ugushyingo, igihe umukumbi warindirwaga ku gasozi. Na ho mu gihe cy’Itumba haba hari imbeho nyinshi n’imvura nyinshi mu misozi yo mu turere tw’i Yudaya, kandi itumba ryaho ritangira mu mpera z’Ukwakira n’intangiriro z’Ugushyingo rikageza mu mpera za Werurwe. Iyo rero Yesu aza kuba yaravutse ku itariki 25 Ukuboza nk’uko byizihizwa, bariya bungeri ntabwo bari kuba bari ku gikumba ahubwo bari kuba bari mu bwugamo hamwe n’imikumbi yabo.
Iriya tariki ya 25 Ukuboza yitirirwa ivuka rya Kristo yashyizweho mu kinyejana cya 4. Dukurikije Kalendari ya Julian (Yuliyani), iriya yari isanzwe ari itariki yizihizwagaho gutunguka kw’izuba mu gihe cy’itumba, rikava cyane ryerekeza mu majyaruguru. Mu bihugu by’abapagani kiriya gihe cyarangwaga n’ibirori by’iminsi mikuru, byari bizwi mu Baroma nka ” Saturnalia”, byategurwaga mu rwego rwo guha ikuzo kongera kuvuka bundi bushya kw’imana zitandukanye zari zifite aho zihuriye n ‘izuba. Ubusanzwe kuri uriya munsi mukuru wa Saturnalia, abaroma bizihizaga Imana yitwaga Saturne. Nk’uko bizwi mu bumenyi bw’ikirere, Saturne ni umwe mu mibumbe (planet) igize isanzure. Mu itorero ryo mu burengerazuba (iburayi) ni ho ivuka rya Kristo ryatangiriye guhuzwa n’uriya munsi w’ ikiruhuko wa gipagani.
Nk’uko twabisomye, muri kiriya gihe ubwo Yesu yavukaga hariho abungeri bari barinze umukumbi. Muri ziriya nzuri ni ho na Dawidi yajyaga aragira umukumbi wa se Yesayi akiri umusore mutoya. Muri kiriya kirorero cy’i Betelehemu kandi, igitabo cy’Itangiriro 35:21, kitubwira ko ari ho hari inzu ndende y’amatafari. Iyi nzi yari umunara w’umukumbi (Mika 4:8). Yakobo Isiraheli yari atuye hirya y’uriya munara. Dukurikije amateka, hariya ni ho imikumbi yabaga igenewe gutangwaho ibitambo murusengero rw’i Yerusalemu yakoranyirizwaga. Birashoboka rero ko bariya bashumba babonekewe na Marayika mu ivuka rya Yesu bari barinze umukumbi wari watiranyirijwe gutambwa.
Izina Betelehemu risobanura “inzu y’imigati.” Izina ryaho rya mbere ryari “Efurata, bisobanura” uburumbuke. Akarere k’i Betelehemu, imisozi yaho n’ibibaya byaho byabaga bitwikiriwe n’imizabibu, imitini, imyelayo, n’ibinyampeke, hakaba hari nk’inkangara y’imigati ya Yudeya. Kiriya kirorero cyari cyuzuyemo byinshi byibukwaga n’Abayuda bo ku gihe cya Yesu, nk’uko bimeze ku bakristo uyu munsi. Muri kariya gace ni ho Rusi yajyaga guhumba ingano mumurima wa Bowazi kandi n’Umwami Dawidi akaba ari ho yakomokaga. Hariya i Betelehemu na none, ni ho Samweli yimikiye Dawidi ngo azabe Umwami wa Isiraheli.
Ubutumwa bwa Marayika
Uriya mumarayika wababonekeye, yari aje muri mission (misiyo) ikomeye cyane itari gukorwa n’undi mu marayika ubonetse wese utari umukuru wabo Gabuliyeli. Yaraje abahagarara iruhande. Birashoboka ko Marayika yari ahagaze hejuru gato y’abashumba mu kirere. Batunguwe no kumubona atungutse hafi yabo maze barikanga. Nuko ubwiza burabagira nk’ubwagaragaye ku musozi ubwo Yesu yarabagiranaga ari kumwe na Mose na Eliya aho yari yajyanye na Petero na Yohana na Yakobo. Bariya bungeri bagize ubwoba nk’uko bisanzwe bijyenda iyo umwenda ukingiriza abantu ukabatandukanya n’isi itagaragara weyuweho. Mu Isezerano rya Kera abantu bagiye babinekerwa n’Abamarayika, rimwe na rimwe bahitaga batekereza marayika nk’uzanye urupfu. Urugero, ubwo Gidiyoni yabonekerwaga na Marayika w’Uwiteka yaravuze ati “Ni ishyano Mwami Imana, kuko mbonye mu maso ha Marayika w’Uwiteka , turebanye.” (Abacamanza 6:22). Urundi rugero nanone turubona muri kiriya gitabo cy’Abacamanza 13:21,22, aho uwitwaga Manowa n’umugore we, ababyeyi ba Samusoni nyuma yo kubonekerwa na Marayika uriya mugabo Manowa yabwiye umugore we ati “Ni ukuri turapfa kuko turebye Imana.” Nyamara uriya mumarayika wabonekeye abungeri yari aje kubamenye inkuru nziza yo kubohorwa n’ibyishimo.
Nuko arababwira ati “Mwitinya, dore ndababwira ubutumwa bwiza bw’umunezero mwinshi uzaba ku bantu benshi.” Kuva itorero rya gikristo ryahangwa na ryo ryagiye ribwira abantu ubutumwa bwiza cg inkuru nziza. Inkuru nziza y’urukundo rucungura, inkuru nziza y’agakiza. Marayika yarababwiye ati “kuko Umukiza yabavukiye mu murwa wa Dawidi.” Kristo yavutse ku gihe gikwiriye kandi avukira ahantu hakwiriye. Ijambo ry’Ikigereki yakoresheje mukuvuga “Umukiza”, ni Sõtēr, iyi ikaba ari inyito ifite ubusobanuro nk’ubukubiye mu izina “Yesu.” Yababwiye kandi ko azitwa “Kristo Umwami.” Atacyambaye ubwiza bwo mu ijuru, ahubwo afubitswe imyenda, umwana wa Mariya wavukiye hariya i Betelehemu nta wundi ni Kristo Umwami. Iriya nyito yahawe ihuza Kristo n’Umwami wo mu Isezerano rya Kera wavuzwe mu ndirimbo ya Zekariya se wa Yohana Umubatiza, iboneka muri Luka 1: 76, aho yaririmbye avuga kuri uriya muhungu we ati “kandi nawe mwana, uzitwa Umuhanuzi w’Isumbabyose, Kuko uzabanziriza Umwami ngo utunganye inzira ze.” Iriya nyito “Kristo Umwami” kandi ihuye na Mesiya Yehova.
Ese ujya wibuka ibyabereye i Betelehemu? Nubwo itariki ya 25 Ukuboza abakristo benshi bizihizaho ivuka ry’umukiza atari yo yavukiyeho, ntabwo bikuraho yatavutse. Mu gihe benshi mu isi baba bari byishimo by’ivuka rye tuba dukwiye kwifatanya na bo mukwishima nk’uko na we yishimanaga n’abishimye, akarirana n’abarira. Igihe isi yibuka ivuka rya Yesu, ni igihe cyiza cyo gushishikariza abantu kumwakira nk’umwami n’umukiza wabo bwite. Umwanditsi witwa Ellen G White, mu gitabo kitwa “Urugo rwa Gikristo, igice cya 77”, avuga ko igihe cya Noheli aba ari igihe cyiza cyo gutanga impano n’amaturo yo kwamamaza inkuru nziza, aho gutanga impano zo kunezeza abantu gusa. Mbese wowe wakiriye Umukiza mumutima wawe? Ese waba urimo gutunganya inzira ze ko agiye kugaruka? Ese ujya usenga ngo agaruke vuba nk’uko bariya bungeri basengaga ngo aze bwa mbere?
Eric Ruhangara
Tel: 0788487183
Ushobora gukurikira iki cyigisho ku rubuga rwa youtube: “Blessed Hope Message“
